Warning Signs Of Macular Degeneration! Are You At Risk?
Macular degeneration is commonly referred to as age-related macular degeneration. Understanding this condition is key to managing its impact. As medicine and technology continue to advance, we are gradually exploring more effective treatments. Let's read this article together!
Macular degeneration is a major eye disease that leads to the loss of central vision, primarily affecting older adults. This article will provide a detailed overview of the symptoms, preventive measures, and treatment methods for macular degeneration.
1. What Is Macular Degeneration?
Macular degeneration is the deterioration of the macula, and it primarily comes in two forms: dry AMD and wet AMD. Dry AMD is more common, accounting for 80-90% of cases. However, this type progresses relatively slowly. Wet AMD, although less common, is more severe. It occurs when new abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina and leak fluid and blood, leading to rapid vision loss.
2. Risk Factors
Age is the most significant risk factor. This disease typically affects elderly individuals aged 65 and above. Genetics, smoking, high blood pressure, obesity, and poor diet also increase the risk of developing this condition.
3. Symptoms
The most noticeable symptom is that vision becomes increasingly blurred as the disease progresses. Severe symptoms also include visual distortion, reduced color perception, difficulty adapting to low light, and a decline in central vision. Additionally, some individuals may require brighter light for reading or close-up tasks. Some patients may also experience difficulty recognizing faces and visual hallucinations. Therefore, it is crucial for individuals over 50 to have regular eye examinations.
4. Treatment
Although AMD cannot be completely cured, there are several methods to slow its progression. Nutritional supplements such as zinc, vitamins C and E, lutein, and zeaxanthin can help reduce the risk of dry AMD. Anti-VEGF injection therapy is the standard treatment for wet AMD. Laser therapy and photodynamic therapy are also good options that help reduce the number of abnormal blood vessels in the retina.
5. Prevention
Regular exercise, maintaining normal blood pressure and cholesterol levels, quitting smoking, and eating more fruits and vegetables can effectively prevent this disease. Support from family members and the community can help patients stay socially engaged and maintain their mental health.